Te Huarahi Wahangu: He aha te kaha kawe o te taura i tēnei wā ko te oranga o te ao hou
I roto i te whatu matatini o tō tātou ao hiko, he toa kore e mōhiotia te taura hiko iti. Ka kite tātou i a rātou e ngokingoki ana i muri i ngā pakitara, e herea ana ki roto i ngā paepae ahumahi, me raro i te whenua, me te kore e aro ki tā rātou mahi nui. Heoi, kei te ngākau o ia pūnaha hiko haumaru, whai hua, me te pono kei roto he pātai ngāwari noa iho: E hia te nui o te iahiko ka taea e tēnei taura te kawe haumaru? Ko te whakautu, e tautuhia ana e tanaTe Kaha Kawe Auaha Ingoa, he tātaitanga uaua e pā ana ki te haumaru, te whakawhiti pūngao, me te whai huatanga ōhanga.
Ko tēnei tawhā matua, e whakarāpopototia ana ko Ampacity, ehara i te tau pūmau e tāia ana ki runga i tētahi pepa whakaritenga. He uara hihiri, he whakataurite ātaahua i waenga i te ahupūngao, te pūtaiao rauemi, me te mooni taiao. Ehara i te mea he āwangawanga noa iho mā te miihini te mārama ki tēnei; he mea nui mā te katoa mai i ngā kaihanga kaupapa here e whakamahere ana i ngā whakapainga whatunga ā-motu ki ngā kaipupuri whare e tāuta ana i tētahi rihi waka hiko.
Te Whakamārama i te Ara Ora: He aha tonu te Ampacity?
Ko te kaha kawe iahiko o te taura ko te iahiko hiko tonu mōrahi ka taea e ia te kawe i raro i ngā āhuatanga kua tohua, me te kore e hipa te pāmahana pumau i tētahi rohe kua tohua. He mea nui tēnei rohe pāmahana nā te mea ka tere ake te pirau o te whakamarumaru o te taura ki te hipa atu i tēnei, ka arahi ki te pakaru wawe, ki ngā ara iahiko poto, ā, i ngā wā kino rawa atu, ki ngā ahi.
"Whakaarohia he taura hei huarahi whaiti," te whakamārama a Tākuta Alisha Sharma, he ahorangi miihini hiko i te Whare Wānanga Hangarau. "Ko ngā irahiko ngā motuka. Ko te iahiko te maha o ngā motuka e haere ana i tētahi pūwāhi ia hekona. Ina nui rawa ngā 'motoka' e ngana ana ki te whakamahi i te rori, ka puta te wera i te waku - te ātete hiko rānei. Ki te kore e taea e te wera te memeha tere, ka tīmata te 'rori' tonu, te whakamarumaru, ki te rewa. Ko te Ampacity te pūnaha whakahaere waka e ārai ana i tēnei arai kino."
Ngā Pou e Whā o te Māia: He Taurite Ngāwari
Kāore te au o te taura e pā ana ki tōna matua parahi, konumohe rānei. Ka whakatauhia tēnei e te taurite o ngā āhuatanga matua e whā:
1. Rauemi me te Rahi o te Arataki: Te Uho o te Mea
Ko te mea tino māmā ko te kaiārahi hiko tonu. Ko te parahi, he nui ake te kaiārahi hiko, he nui ake te kaha o te whakawhiti i te konumohe mō te horahanga whakawhiti kotahi. Koia te take he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te parahi hei whakakapi mō ngā tono mahi teitei.
Ko te mea nui ake ko te rahi, e inehia ana i roto i ngā mirimita tapawhā (mm²) me te AWG (American Wire Gauge) rānei. He iti ake te ātete hiko o te kaiārahi matotoru, he rite ki te paipa whānui e tuku ana i te nui ake o te wai kia rere me te iti ake o te ngaronga pēhanga. Hei tauira, he paipa PVC paerewa kua whakamahanatia Taura Parahi tērā pea ka taea te whakatauranga mō te 16 Amps i te 1.5mm², engari ka taea tēnei te peke ki runga ake i te 100 Amps mō te taura 25mm².
2. Rauemi Ārai: Te Kaitiaki Wera
Ko te momo whakamarumaru te mea matua e whakatau ana i te pāmahana mōrahi e whakaaetia ana. He rerekē te manawanui o ngā rauemi rerekē ki te wera.
PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride):He mea noa, he iti hoki te utu, engari he iti rawa te pāmahana whakahaere mōrahi (ko te 70°C te tikanga). Nā tēnei ka whakawhāiti i tōna whānui.
XLPE (Polyethylene Hononga-Whatunga):He rauemi pai rawa atu, e taea ai e te tukanga matū te tu atu i ngā pāmahana teitei ake (te nuinga o te wā 90°C). Mā tēnei ka taea e te taura XLPE te kawe i te iahiko nui atu i te taura PVC he rite te rahi.
Rapa (hei tauira, EPR):He tino ngāwari, he ātete hoki ki te wera, ā, e whakamahia ana i ngā taiao uaua pērā i te keri maina, i ngā huihuinga ora rānei.
Te Whakamarumarutanga Kohuke (MI): Ka taea te tu atu i ngā pāmahana tino nui neke atu i te 250°C, e whakamahia ana mō ngā mahi haumaru ahi me ngā mahi pāmahana tiketike.
3. Tikanga Tāutanga: Te Take Whakamatao Hira
He pānga nui te āhua me te wāhi e tāuta ai te taura ki tōna kaha ki te whakaheke wera. Koinei te mea e tino warewarehia ana i roto i ngā horopaki kore-ngaio.
Ka tapahia tika ki te mata, ka tanumia rānei ki te oneone:Koinei ētahi o ngā āhuatanga pai rawa atu mō te whakamatao. Ka taea e te hau, e te oneone rānei te rere me te kukume i te wera, ka hua ake te kaha teitei rawa atu.
Kua tākaihia ki roto i te paipa, i te pūwero rānei:He taiao tino herekore tēnei. Ka mau te wera i ngā taura e whakarōpūhia ana i roto i tētahi wāhi iti, ka piki ake te pāmahana. Ko ngā ture waea ā-motu, pērā i te NEC i te US, i te IEC 60364 rānei i te ao whānui, e whakahau ana kia nui te mahi.ngā āhuatanga whakararuraruKo te taura e taea te kawe i te 40 Amps i te rangi tuwhera ka taea te whakaheke ki te 28 Amps anake ina honoa ki ētahi atu e rua i roto i te paipa hiko.
I tanumia ki roto i ngā awaawa: He mea nui te ātete wera o te oneone e karapoti ana. He ngoikore te kawe wera o te oneone onepu maroke ki te whakataurite ki te uku mākū, ā, he iti ake te kaha o te wera.Te Pāmahana Āhua: Te Pūtake Taiao
4. Ko te whakatauranga o te taura e ahu mai ana i te pāmahana taiao paerewa, he maha ngā wā 30°C i te hau, 20°C rānei i te whenua. Mena ka tāutahia he taura ki roto i te rūma poihau, i te tuanui rānei e wera ana i te rā, ā, ko te pāmahana taiao he 50°C, ka tino heke te kaha ki te whakamatao. Me whakaiti i tōna whānui noa hei ārai i te tapekeo te pikinga o te pāmahana me te taiao i te hipa i te taumata o te whakamarumaru.
He Tirohanga Whakataurite: Te Whakatinana i te Ariā ki te Whakatinanatanga
Ko te hononga o ēnei āhuatanga ka tino whakamāramahia mā te whakamahi i ngā tauira. Whakaarohia he ara iahiko parahi 16 mm²:
He mea whakamahana PVC, he mea kutikuti tika:Ko tōna whānui pea e tata ana ki80 Amps.
XLPE Whakamarumaru, Tapahia Tika:Nā te teitei o te pāmahana, ka taea e te kaiārahi taua te kawe100 Amps.
He mea whakamahana te XLPE, i roto i te paipa hiko me ētahi atu taura e rua:Mā te whakaheke i te whakarōpūtanga, ka heke pea tōna kaha haumaru ki75 Amps.
Te taura ōrite i te pāmahana taiao 45°C:Mā te whakahekenga anō ka taea te pana i te tatauranga whakamutunga ki raro ki65 Amps.
E whakaatu mārama ana tēnei he aha te take he mahi morearea te whiriwhiri noa i tētahi taura i runga i te rahi o tōna ara iahiko.
Whakapā mai LSTCABLE inaianei ki te kimi i ētahi atu kounga taura!
