Izixazululo Zekhebula Ezikhethekile Ezisebenzisa Amandla Ngaphansi Kwamanzi Nezicelo Ezidinga Umzamo

Ezweni elixhumene kakhulu neliqhutshwa ubuchwepheshe, ingqalasizinda ethembekile iyinsika yentuthuko. Izintambo ezingangeni manzi, ezivame ukusebenza buthule ezindaweni eziyinselele, zimelela intuthuko ebalulekile yobunjiniyela, ziqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuqhubeka ngisho noma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwezintambo okuvamile. Lezi zintambo ezikhethekile zenzelwe ukumelana nomswakama, ingcindezi, kanye nokugqwala, ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo ezibalulekile, kusukela ekuhloleni okujulile kolwandle kuya ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke.

Ngale Kokuvikelwa Okuyisisekelo: Ukubaluleka Kwezintambo Ezingangeni Manzi

Ngokungafani nezintambo ezijwayelekile, izintambo ezingangeni manzi zakhiwe ngokusekelwe esidingweni esiyisisekelo: ukuvimbela amanzi ngokuphelele. Lokhu kubalulekile ekufakweni ngaphansi kwamanzi noma ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu njalo. Ukungena kwamanzi kungalimaza kakhulu izingxenye zangaphakathi, kubangele imijikelezo emifushane ngisho nokwehluleka okubi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanzi, ikakhulukazi amanzi olwandle, ayagqwala futhi angalimaza ngokushesha igobolondo lezintambo ezivamile, okudala izingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha. Izintambo ezingangeni manzi ezithuthukisiwe nazo zibhekana nezinselele ezihlukile, njengokulunywa yizilwane zasolwandle njengezinhlanzi noma amagundane—inkinga izintambo ezijwayelekile zomhlaba ezingadalelwanga yona.

Ukuhlukaniswa Kwesixazululo: Izinhlobo Zezintambo Ezingangeni Manzi

Izintambo ezingangeni manzi zihlukaniswa ngokuyinhloko ngokusekelwe ezinseleleni zemvelo ezibhekene nazo:

Amakhebula Amanzi Olwandle (Olwandle) vs. Amakhebula Amanzi Ahlanzekile: Amakhebula amanzi olwandle adinga izinto ezithuthukisiwe kanye nezakhiwo ukuze amelane nokugqwala okukhulu, okwenza aqine futhi ahlale isikhathi eside, kodwa futhi abize kakhulu kunezintambo zamanzi ahlanzekile.

Esinye isigaba esisebenzayo sihlobene nezindlela zokufutha kanye nokusabalalisa:

Ikhebula Elintantayos: Lezi zintambo zinobukhulu obuphansi kunamanzi, okuvumela ukuthi zihlale phezu kwamanzi. Zilungele ukusetshenziswa kwesikhashana, ama-data buoy, noma ukuxhumana phakathi kwamanzi nolwandle.

Izintambo Zokuqina Okungathathi Nhlangothi (Ezilengayo): Lezi zintambo zinobukhulu obufanayo nobamanzi, okuvumela ukuthi "zimi" ekujuleni okuthile. Zisetshenziselwa ama-sensor arrays angaphansi kwamanzi kanye nemishini yesayensi.

Izintambo Ezibekwe Ngaphansi (Ngaphansi Kwamanzi): Njengoba ubukhulu bawo bungaphezu kwamanzi, lawa makhebula aklanyelwe ukufakwa emifuleni, emachibini, noma olwandle ukuze kufakwe unomphela njengokudluliselwa kwamandla noma izinhlelo zokuqapha eziqinile.

Yakhelwe Ukuqina: Isakhiwo Nokuklama

Ukusebenza kwazo okuphezulu emanzini kuvela ekuklanyweni okucophelelayo kanye nokuvikelwa okunezingqimba eziningi. Izinto ezibalulekile zokwakha zifaka:

Isendlalelo sokuvimbela amanzi esinobubanzi: Isendlalelo sangaphandle esingangeni manzi esinobukhulu obuphezulu (ngokuvamile esenziwe nge-polyethylene noma i-polyurethane ekhethekile) sisebenza njengomugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela, sivimbela amanzi ukuthi angene engxenyeni yekhebula.

Isendlalelo sokuvimbela amanzi eside: Ngisho noma igobolondo lonakele, isithiyo sangaphakathi sivimbela amanzi ukuthi ageleze eduze kwenhliziyo yekhebula. Lokhu kufezwa kusetshenziswa amateyipu, izimpushana, noma amajeli avuvukala emanzini akhula lapho ethinta umswakama, avale izikhala zangaphakathi.

Ukuvikelwa komqhubi oqinile: Ama-conductor ethusi afakwe emathinini avame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala. Ukukhetha izinto zokuvikela kuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside ezindaweni ezinomswakama.

Ukuvikela nokuvikela okuthuthukisiwe: Ukuze kubhekane nokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ezingaphansi kwamanzi nokunikeza ukumelana okukhulu nokuguguleka kokugeleza kanye nokuklwebheka, lezi zintambo ngokuvamile zisebenzisa ungqimba oluthuthukisiwe kakhulu olulukiwe ngensimbi noma oluvikelwe kunezintambo ezijwayelekile.

Izimo ezahlukahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza: Inhlanganisela ephelele yokusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nesidingo

Ukusetshenziswa kwezintambo ezingangeni manzi kubanzi futhi kuyakhula:

Imikhumbi kanye nolwandle: Izintambo zokuxhumana/ugesi zangaphansi kolwandle, izintambo ze-umbilical zezimoto ezisebenza kude (ROV), izintambo zebhodi lomkhumbi, kanye nokuxhumeka kwegridi yomoya epulazini lolwandle. Izimboni kanye Nangaphandle: Imishini yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile, izibani ze-LED zangaphandle, imisebenzi yezimayini ezindaweni ezinomswakama, kanye nemishini ezenzakalelayo embonini yokudla/yeziphuzo edinga ukuhlanza njalo.

Amandla Amasha Nezimoto: Izinhlelo ze-Photovoltaic ezivezwe esimweni sezulu esibi, Intambo Yokushaja Imoto Kagesis (edinga izixhumi ezinezilinganiso zokuvikela ze-IP eziphezulu ukuze zisetshenziswe ngaphandle ngokuphephile), kanye nezintambo zangaphakathi ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu.

Ingqalasizinda: Izintambo ezigqitshwe phansi, izintambo zompompi ongaphansi kwamanzi, izintambo zemishini yomthombo kanye nedamu lokubhukuda, kanye nezinhlelo zokuqapha amabhuloho noma imihubhe.

Umehluko usobala: Kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lokudlulisa amandla noma idatha oluvezwe emanzini, izintambo ezingangeni manzi azinazo izinketho, kodwa zibalulekile. Izinto zabo ezithuthukisiwe, izinqubo zokukhiqiza eziyinkimbinkimbi, kanye nokuhlolwa okuqinile kuqinisekisa ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu, kodwa ukuthembeka okungenakuqhathaniswa, ukuphepha, kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kuqinisekisa lokhu. Njengoba siqhubeka nokucindezela imingcele yobuchwepheshe olwandle futhi sakha ingqalasizinda ehlakaniphile, eqinile emhlabeni, izintambo ezingangeni manzi zizoqhubeka nokuba yindlela ebalulekile, engadunyiswanga yokusungula izinto ezintsha zanamuhla.