Amaqhawe Angadumile Emikhumbi Yesimanje: Indlela Amakhebula Aguquguqukayo Athuthukisiwe Asebenzisa Ngayo Amandla Ukuhamba Olwandle

Ezweni elidinga kakhulu imisebenzi yasemanzini, ukwanda kwezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi zeselula—kusukela kuma-crane azenzakalelayo kuya ezimotweni ezisebenza kude (ama-ROV)—kuye kwabangela inguquko ethule ngaphansi kwamadekhi nasezindaweni zokugcina imikhumbi: ukuvela kwemishini ekhethekile. Ikhebula Eliguquguqukayo.

Esikhungweni Semikhumbi Esikhulu SaseYurophu –Njengoba ama-crane amade asuka emikhumbi aye ogwini eshelela buthule eduze kwechweba, ukunyakaza kwawo kuyindlela yokunemba, bambalwa ababheka umugqa wokuphila ovumela ukunyakaza okunjalo okubushelelezi nokuqhubekayo. Ngaphakathi kwezithwali zekhebula ze-crane ngayinye, amakhulu amamitha ekhebula eliklanywe ngokukhethekile ligoba, lisonta, futhi ligoba njalo.I-Ycle, ukuletha amandla, idatha, kanye nezimpawu zokulawula ngaphandle kokwehluleka. Lesi simo siphindaphindwa embonini yanamuhla yasolwandle, lapho ukuguquguquka kungaseyona into yokunethezeka kodwa kuyisidingo esiyisisekelo sokuphepha, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha.

Indawo yemikhumbi kungenzeka ukuthi ingenye yezijeziso ezinkulu eMhlabeni ngezingxenye zikagesi. Imishini kumele ibhekane nokudlidliza okuqhubekayo, ukushaqeka okuvela emagagasini nasemishinini, ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa okubanzi, umswakama ogcwele usawoti, imisebe ye-UV, kanye nokuchayeka kumafutha, uphethiloli, namakhemikhali. Ekufakweni okungaguquki, lokhu kuyinselele ngokwanele. Ngezintambo ezisetshenziswayo ezihambayo—umgogodla oguquguqukayo wezimpahla ezihambayo—izidingo ziphakeme kakhulu.

"Cabanga ngekhebula elisesisekelweni se-radar esijikelezayo, umshini wokuphatha inqwaba ye-telescoping, noma uhlelo lokunciphisa ijubane emkhunjini wokubhoboza," kuchaza.UKaputeni u-Alistair Thorne, unjiniyela wezolwandle ongumakadebona kanye nomeluleki."Leyo ntambo ayigcini nje ngokuhlala lapho; igoba ngokuphindaphindiwe, i-torsion, kanye ne-tensile stress, ngokuvamile ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu. Intambo ejwayelekile yezimboni ingakhathala, iqhekeke, futhi yehluleke emavikini ambalwa, uma kungezona izinsuku. Intambo akuyona nje intambo; iyingxenye ebalulekile, evame ukuguguleka."

I-Anatomy yekhebula eliguquguqukayo lebanga lolwandle

Ngakho-ke, yini ehlukanisa ikhebula elakhelwe umsebenzi onzima kangaka wokuhamba? Abaholi bemboni bathandaI-Helukabel, i-Lapp Group, kanye ne-Nexansbathuthukise imigqa yemikhiqizo ngqo "yokuhamba kwemikhumbi," begxile ezinsikeni eziningana zokuklama eziyinhloko:

Ukuqamba Okusha Komqhubi:Inhliziyo yokuguquguquka itholakala ekuxhumeni kwe-conductor. Imicu yethusi emincane kakhulu, ehlanzekile kakhulu, evame ukuhlanganiswa ngamaphethini alungiselelwe, ivumela ikhebula ukuthi ligobe ngokuphindaphindiwe ngaphandle kokuqina nokusebenza ngokuphuka. Ukuze uthole amandla aphezulu kunesisindo, ithusi elifakwe ethini cishe liyindawo yonke yokumelana nokugqwala.

I-Insulation kanye ne-Chemistry ye-Sheath:Yilapho impi yokulwa nezinto eziphilayo inqotshwa khona. Izinto ezivamile zifaka:

Ama-PVC Compounds Akhethekile:Yenzelwe ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi, ukuvimbela ilangabi (ngokwezindinganiso eziqinile ze-IEC 60332), kanye nokumelana namafutha namanzi olwandle.

I-Cross-Linked Polyethylene (XLPE) kanye ne-Ethylene Propylene Rubber (EPR):Inikeza ukuzinza okuphezulu kokushisa, izakhiwo zikagesi ezinhle kakhulu, kanye nokumelana okuhle kwamakhemikhali.

I-Polyurethane (i-PUR):Iqhawe lezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula ngenxa yokumelana kwayo okumangalisayo kokuguguleka, ukuguquguquka ngisho nasezingeni lokushisa elingaphansi kwezinga-zero, kanye nokumelana ne-hydrolysis (ukuwohloka ngenxa yamanzi).

Irabha ye-Chloroprene (CR):Yaziwa ngokuvikela kwayo okuqinile ngokomzimba, ukumelana nesimo sezulu, kanye nokumelana okuhle kwamakhemikhali namafutha kuyo yonke indawo.

Ukuqinisa Okwemishini:Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinokudonsa noma ukusonta okuqhubekayo, intambo ye-aramid ehlanganisiwe (njenge-Kevlar®) noma ama-textile braids anikeza amandla okunamathela ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukuguquguquka. Lokhu kubalulekile kumakhebula kuma-winch noma ezinqoleni ezingaphansi kwamanzi eziboshiwe.

Ukuvikela kanye Nobuqotho Bedatha:Esikhathini "somkhumbi oxhunyiwe," izintambo eziphathwayo zivame ukuphatha idatha yokulawula ebucayi kanye namandla. Izihlangu ezilukiwe eziqinile, eziguquguqukayo, ngezinye izikhathi ezihlanganiswe ne-aluminium foil, zivikela ekuphazamisekeni kwe-electromagnetic (EMI) kusuka ku-radar, umsakazo, kanye nama-shipboard motors anamandla, okuqinisekisa ubuqotho besiginali yokulawula okunembile kwedijithali.

Izinhlelo Zokusebenza Eziyinhloko Ezidinga Ukushayela

Isidingo salezi zintambo ezithuthukisiwe siyanda, siqhutshwa yimikhuba ethile yasemanzini:

Izinhlelo Zokuphatha Iziqukathi:Uhlelo lokusebenza olubonakala kakhulu. Amakhebula kuamathrekhi ekhebula (i-e-chain®)kuma-crane e-STS, ama-crane e-gantry afakwe esitimeleni, kanye nezithwali ze-straddle kumele zikwazi ukumelana nezigidi zemijikelezo yokugoba. Ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amandla ezinjini kanye nama-hydraulic ne-fiber optics noma idatha ye-Cat 6/7 yokubeka i-spreader kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlonza izitsha.

Umoya kanye namafutha kanye negesi ogwini lolwandle:Lo mkhakha uyindawo efakazelwa kakhulu.Izintambo eziguqukayozokufaka ama-compensator emikhunjini yokufaka i-wind turbine,izinkabakuma-ROV enza ukuhlolwa nokulungiswa kwamanzi angaphansi kolwandle, kanye nezintambo ezivuliweama-crane asogwini lolwandleZibhekana nezimo ezinonya. Zivame ukuba yi-hybrid, ezihlanganisa amandla, i-fiber optics, futhi ngezinye izikhathi imigqa ye-hydraulic yokusebenzisa amathuluzi.

Imishini Yedeski:Yesimanje, eqhutshwa ngogesiama-winches, izibuko zangemuva, kanye nezinhlelo zokubophazidinga izintambo ezingabekezelela ukugoqa nokukhululeka njalo kuma-drum, kanye nokuchayeka ezindaweni zokuchaphaza.

Imikhumbi Yempi Nokuzivikela:Emikhumbi yempi, izintambo zemicibisholo yeradar ehoxiswayo, izinhlelo zokuphatha izikhali, kanye nezinhlaka zokuxhumana kumele zihlangabezane nokuqina kwe-MIL-spec ngenkathi ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okungenaphutha ngesikhathi sokuhamba ngesivinini esikhulu kanye nemicimbi yokushaqeka.

Ukuzenzakalela Kwangaphakathi:Ngisho nangaphakathi kwemikhumbi, izinhlelo zemithwalo ezenzakalelayo, izingxenye ezithuthwayo ezikebheni, kanye namayunithi okulungisa amarobhothi ancike ezintanjeni eziguquguqukayo ukuze asebenze.

Izindinganiso: Uhlaka Olungaxoxiswani

Ngokungafani nezimboni eziningi ezisemhlabeni, umhlaba wasolwandle usebenza ngaphansi kohlelo oluqinile lwezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke. Izintambo zokusetshenziswa kwemikhumbi ehambayo kumele ziqale zihlangabezane nezidingo eziyisisekelo zazo zonke izintambo zasolwandle:

Ukuphepha Komlilo:I-IEC 60332 (ukusabalala komlilo), i-IEC 61034 (ukuminyana kwentuthu), kanye ne-IEC 60754 (ukukhishwa kwegesi ye-halogen). Izinhlanganisela zentuthu ephansi, i-zero-halogen (LSZH/LSF0H) ziya ngokuya ziphoqelelwa, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezivalekile noma ezinabantu, ukuvimbela intuthu enobuthi emlilweni.

Uhlobo Lokuvunyelwa:Isitifiketi esivela emiphakathini yokuhlela efanaI-DNV GL, i-Lloyd's Register, i-ABS, kanye ne-Bureau Veritaskubalulekile. Bahlola ukuqina kwemishini, kagesi, kanye nemvelo okuqondene nokusetshenziswa olwandle.

NgobaukuguquguqukaUma usebenzisa izintambo, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuyasetshenziswa, njengokuhlolwa kokugoba okuphindaphindiwe (njenge-IEC 60332-1) kanye nokuhlolwa kokugoba, okulingisa ukucindezeleka okuguquguqukayo komhlaba wangempela.

I-Innovation Horizon

Imboni ayimi ndawonye. Ukushisekela ukusebenza kahle okukhulu, umthamo wedatha, kanye nokusimama yikho okwakha isizukulwane esilandelayo samakhebula.

Ukukhanya:Ukunciphisa isisindo sekhebula kuyinto ebalulekile emishinini yeselula esezingeni eliphezulu, njengoba kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ukuze kuhambisane futhi kuvumela izakhiwo zokusekela ezilula. Ama-alloy amasha e-polymer kanye nemiklamo elungiselelwe kahle kubalulekile.

Amanani Edatha Aphezulu:Njengoba izinzwa ze-IoT ezingaphakathi kanye nokuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kuqhuma, izintambo zezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula kumele zibe ne-bandwidth ephezulu kakhulu, okuphoqelela ukuhlanganiswa kwezintambo ze-fiber optic eziqinile ngaphakathi kwamandla e-hybrid-Ikhebula Ledathas.

Ukuqina Okuthuthukisiwe:Ucwaningo ngezinto ezintsha ze-nanocomposite luhlose ukudala ama-sheath anokusika okukhulu, ukukhuhla, kanye nokumelana namakhemikhali, okwandisa impilo yesevisi kanye nokunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi.

Ukusimama:Abakhiqizi bathuthukisa izinto ezinobungani nemvelo, okuhlanganisa amashelufu angasetshenziswa kabusha kanye neziqinisi ezingenalo i-lead, ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni imingcele yokusebenza ebalulekile.

Isici Esibalulekile Entuthukweni Yasolwandle

"Njengoba siqhubekela emikhunjini eqhutshwa ngogesi ezenzakalelayo kakhulu, indima yekhebula elinamandla iba phakathi nakakhulu," kusho yena.UDkt. Lena Schmidt, iNhloko ye-R&D kumkhiqizi wezintambo ohamba phambili."Kuyisimiso sezinzwa kanye nohlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi kunoma iyiphi ingxenye ehambayo. Ukuthembeka lapha kuchaza ngqo ukusebenza isikhathi eside, ukuphepha, futhi ekugcineni, inzuzo."

Embonini lapho ukwehluleka kwekhebula okukodwa kungamisa ukusebenza kwezigidi zamaRandi noma kubeke engcupheni ukuphepha olwandle, ikhebula elithambile eliguquguqukayo lithole isimo salo njengeqhawe elingadunyiswa. Ukusungula izinto ezintsha okuqhubekayo ezintweni zokwakha kanye nokuklama kuqinisekisa ukuthi njengoba imikhumbi nemishini yayo iba ngcono futhi ihamba, izintambo ezizisebenzisayo zizoba ngaphezu komsebenzi—zigobe, kodwa zingaphuki, ngaphansi kwengcindezi yezwe lanamuhla lasolwandle.

Xhumana ne-LSTKABEL manje ukuze uthumele umbuzo!