Ibikoresho by'insinga na za TPE na TPU kugereranya imikorere n'ikoreshwa ryabyo

Umwotsi muke | Nta halogen ikoreshwa | Idakoresha umuriro

Elastome za Thermoplastic ubu zikundwa na benshi Insinga n'Insinga inganda kubera ibyiza byazo byo kuba zifite ubushobozi bworoshye bwo koroshya ibintu, koroshya ibintu, no kumva neza. Kubera ko ibikoresho bya PVC biba bike mu bihe byinshi, uburyo bworoshye bwo koroshya ibintu bwatejwe imbere cyane.

Mu myaka 15 ishize, iterambere ry’insinga zigabanya umuriro mu Bushinwa ryarushijeho kwiyongera. Insinga zigabanya umuriro mu nsinga zigabanya umuriro, cyane cyane TPE na TPU, zakoreshejwe cyane mu miyoboro y’amakuru ku bicuruzwa by’abaguzi, imiyoboro mishya ikoresha ingufu nyinshi hamwe n’imiyoboro irinda umuriro, ndetse n’imiyoboro ifite ingufu nyinshi mu modoka.

Ariko, haracyari ibibazo byinshi bifatika mu bushakashatsi ku bijyanye no gutinza umuriro wa elastomer za thermoplastic. Urugero, inshuti zikunze kubaza itandukaniro riri hagati ya TPE na TPU. Iyi nkuru isobanura muri make imiterere, igereranya ry'imikorere n'ikoreshwa rya elastomer za thermoplastic TPE na TPU insinga n'insinga.

01 Gukoresha TPE mu bijyanye n'insinga n'insinga

TPE yerekeza kuri elastomer ya thermoplastic ifite SEBS nk'umusemburo wa matrix. SEBS ni copolymer y'igice kigizwe na styrene (S)-ethylene (E)/butene (B)-styrene (S).

Imigozi ibiri muri SEBS, ni ukuvuga SBS, yuzuyemo hydrogenation, bityo SEBS ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ikirere neza, kurwanya ubushyuhe, kurwanya gukandamizwa no kugira imiterere myiza ya mekanike.

(1) Ibicuruzwa bya SEBS bifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo gukingira amashanyarazi, ntibigira uburozi, birwanya ikirere kandi birashaje, birushaho koroha kandi bifite imbaraga nyinshi, kandi bifite ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ni ibikoresho byiza cyane byo gukora ibifuniko byo hanze na kaseti zo gukingira amashanyarazi z'insinga n'insinga. Bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bikoresho byo mu rugo n'ibindi bikoresho byo mu rugo n'ahandi.

Muri iki gihe, byahindutse ikintu gikunze kugaragara cyane mu gusimbuza PVC mu bijyanye n'insinga zifite voltage nkeya (nk'insinga za ecouteur, insinga za charger, insinga za USB, insinga z'amajwi/videwo, insinga za mudasobwa, n'ibindi).

(2) Kubera ko ibicuruzwa by'ikoranabuhanga bikoreshwa n'abantu bifite imiterere y'ivugurura ryihuse n'igihe gito cyo gukora, hamwe n'igihe cyo kuvugurura ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho, ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano na SEBS bifite umwanya munini wo gutera imbere muri uru rwego.

Bitewe n’uko ibikorwa byo kurwanya inkongi z’umuriro bikomeje kwiyongera ndetse no kurengera ibidukikije mu gihugu no mu mahanga, urwego rw’ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi rukomeje kwiyongera, kandi ibicuruzwa bya SEBS bigabanya umuriro mu buryo bworoshye bisigaye bisimburana.Iyi nsinga Ibintu nka PVC na CPE birimo kugaragara cyane mu gihe kizaza, kandi amahirwe yo gukoresha mu gihe kizaza ni menshi. Kuri ubu, hari isoko rinini ry’impinduka mu mikoreshereze ya SEBS mu gucana umuriro no guteza imbere imikorere myiza.

Ibikoresho byihariye bya TPE: Binyuze mu ikoreshwa n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rishya ry'ibikoresho bya TPE, ibikoresho byihariye bya TPE birimo cyane cyane TPE itwara umuriro, TPE irwanya static, ibikoresho bikingira TPE, XLTPO ihujwe n'imirasire, TPE ikomeye, TPE idashobora gushya cyane, nibindi.

02 Gukoresha TPU mu bijyanye n'insinga n'insinga

TPU thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, ikaba ari copolymer ya linear block ikorwa n'uburyo diisocyanate na macromolecular polyol, chain extender/crosslinker hamwe n'inyongera nke. Imwe ahanini ni polyurethane material, indi ikaba ahanini ni polyether type.

Ubusanzwe ni polymeri y’urukiramende, kandi PU iboneka binyuze mu gukora polyol y’umunyururu muremure hamwe na isocyanate ikoreshwa nk’igice cyoroshye, naho PU iboneka binyuze mu gukora diol y’umunyururu mugufi hamwe na isocyanate ikoreshwa nk’igice gikomeye.

Imikoreshereze ya TPU elastomers mu nsinga n'insinga ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu nzego zikurikira:

·Insinga z'imodoka: Insinga zirinda gufunga (ABS), insinga ya odometeri, insinga y'itumanaho ry'imodoka, insinga irinda umuriro, n'ibindi;

·Insinga zo gushakisha ahantu: insinga zo gushakisha peteroli\inyanja\ubutaka, insinga zo gushakisha imiraba ya seismic, nibindi;

·Insinga z'ikoranabuhanga: insinga zo mu matwi, (zidakoresha umuriro) Insinga y'amakuru yo gusharija telefoni igendanwa, insinga y'amajwi, insinga ya USB, insinga z'ibikoresho bya mudasobwa, nibindi;

·Insinga z'ingufu n'inganda: insinga za mudasobwa za CNC, insinga z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa n'umuyaga, insinga z'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, insinga z'ingufu zikoreshwa n'amashanyarazi;

·Insinga y'itumanaho: insinga ya fiber optique ifite igitambaro, ikoreshwa mu kugabanya umuriro;

·Insinga z'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi: insinga ya electrocardiogram, insinga yo gupima umwuka wa ogisijeni mu maraso, insinga ya electrode lead, insinga ya massager.

03 Kugereranya imikorere y'insinga za TPE na TPU n'ibikoresho byazo

(1) TPU ifite imbaraga kurusha TPE, imbaraga zo gukurura no kurekura: Imbaraga zo gukurura za TPU zikubye inshuro 2 kugeza kuri 3 ugereranyije n'iza kera na za sintetike, kandi TPU ifite imbaraga zo gukurura neza; imbaraga zo kwangirika neza, agaciro ka Taber ni 0.35-0.5mg, ari na yo ntoya mu pulasitiki, bityo ikaba ifite imbaraga zo kwangirika neza k'uruhu.

(2) Uburyo TPE na TPU zigira n'imikorere yoroshye: TPE ishobora guhindura ubukana n'ubushobozi bworoshye kuva kuri dogere 0 kugeza kuri 99A, mu gihe uburyo TPU igira imbaraga zo gukomera ari 60 ~ 95A, kandi ikomeza kugira imbaraga zo gukomera iyo ubukana buri hejuru ya 85A. Iki ni ikintu izindi elastomer zidafite, bityo TPU ifite ubushobozi bwo gushyigikira umutwaro mwinshi n'ingaruka nziza zo gukurura no gusohora; uburyo bwo kumva ibintu byombi butandukanye cyane mu buryo butandukanye bwo gukomera, kandi ihuza n'ibihe bitandukanye hakurikijwe ibisabwa; TPE ifite igihombo kinini cyo gukomera mu bihe byo gukomera cyane.

(3) Polyether TPU na TPE bifite ubudahangarwa bwiza bw'amazi, ariko polyester TPU ifite ubudahangarwa bwiza bw'amazi; TPU ifite ubudahangarwa bwiza bw'amavuta kurusha TPE.

(4) Ubudahangarwa bwa polyester TPU mu mirasire ya UV burakomeye kandi bushobora guhinduka umuhondo. Kubera ko impeta ya benzene yo mu gice gikomeye cya polyurethane n'ikintu gitanga aruro bihuzwa na ester ya aside carboxylic, oxidation no rearranging bibaho, bigakora imiterere ya quinone hamwe n'amatsinda ya chromogenic, bityo bigatera umugozi udafite amazi mu gice cya polymer; munsi y'ibikorwa by'imirasire ya ultraviolet, ingufu "free radicals" zitangwa kugira ngo habeho impinduka mu ibara, zitanga ingufu zihagije zo gusenya imigozi ya polymer nyinshi, bigatera oxidation reaction yikora, kandi bigatera gusaza no kwangirika.

Umusaruro w'umuhondo wa polyether TPU uruta uwa polyester TPU. Ishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kurwanya UV nyuma yo kuyihindura, bigatuma idahinduka umuhondo mu gihe cy'umwaka umwe kugeza kuri ibiri. Ubushobozi bwo kurwanya UV bwa TPE muri rusange buruta ubwa TPU, bityo TPE idahinduka ibara iruta cyane iya TPU.

Muri make, polyether TPU ifite ibyiza byo kudakoresha hydrolysis, kudakoresha mildew, kudakoresha amashanyarazi menshi no kudakoresha ubushyuhe buke. Polyester TPU zifite ibyiza byo kudakoresha amashanyarazi menshi, kudakoresha amashanyarazi menshi, kudakoresha amashanyarazi menshi, kudakoresha amashanyarazi menshi, kudakoresha amashanyarazi menshi no kudakoresha amashanyarazi menshi.

04 Gutunganya no gukora ibikoresho by'insinga na za TPE na TPU hamwe no kugereranya ikiguzi

Kugereranya uburyo insinga za TPE na TPU zitunganywa kandi zigakorwa:

(1) TPU yoroshye cyane kuyikuramo amazi. Igomba kuyumishwa ku bushyuhe bwa 100℃*3~4H mbere yo kuyitunganya, mu gihe TPE yumishwa ku bushyuhe bwa 70~80℃*2H;

(2) Ibisabwa kuri TPU ku bikoresho byo gusohora. Ibikoresho byo gusohora ibikoresho bifite screw imwe ifite igipimo cya L/D kiri hagati ya 20-30 n'igipimo cyo gukanda kiri hagati ya 2-4 birakwiriye mu gutunganya TPU; icyuho kiri hagati ya screws n'imiyoboro y'ibikoresho ni hafi mm 0.1-0.2. Imiterere myiza ya screws igomba kwirinda gukururana cyane no gushyuha cyane, bigatuma ibikoresho bibora kandi bigacika, bityo bikagabanya imiterere y'ibikoresho.

Umuvuduko w'urushundura uterwa n'umurambararo w'urushundura. Kubera ko TPU ishobora gukaranga no gukata, umuvuduko mwinshi cyane ushobora gutuma TPU icikagurika byoroshye. Iyo iri hasi cyane, izanatuma icikagurika bitewe n'igihe kirekire cyo kuyimaramo. Muri rusange, umuvuduko w'urushundura uba uri hagati ya 25-60rpm, mu gihe TPE isaba extruder idafite imbaraga nyinshi.

(3) Mbere yo gutangira TPU, menya neza ko screw, umutwe w'imashini na silinda ya screw bisukuwe nta mfuruka zipfuye. Imyiteguro yose irangiye, nko gutegura ibicuruzwa byarangiye, gucapa no gukemura ibibazo, nibindi. Intambwe ya nyuma ni ugufungura neza ibicuruzwa byarangiye mbere yo gukurura hopper kugira ngo urekure ibikoresho kuri screw. Mu cyiciro cya mbere cyo gutangira imashini, gerageza kugabanya igihe cyo gutura cya screw kuri screw. Nyuma y'uko ibikoresho bisohotse, imashini izatangira vuba mu minota 5. Iki gihe gikomeye kigomba kwitabwaho neza mu ntangiriro. Witondere gahunda, kandi uzabona umusaruro ukubye kabiri hamwe na kimwe cya kabiri cy'imbaraga.

(4) TPE ntabwo ifata neza iyo iciwe, kandi ntabwo ibora byoroshye iyo igumyeho igihe kirekire. Biroroshye kuyitunganya.

Igereranya ry'ikiguzi cyo gutunganya ibikoresho bya TPE na TPU by'insinga n'insinga:

(1) Igiciro cy'ibikoresho bya TPE na polyester TPU ntabwo gitandukanye cyane. Polyester TPU iri hejuru gato, ariko igiciro cya polyether TPU kiri hejuru ugereranyije.

(2) Ibyo bitatu bifite ubucucike bwa TPE buri hasi cyane, hagakurikiraho ubucucike bwa TPU ya polyether, hamwe n'ubucucike bwa TPU ya polyester nini cyane, hamwe n'igiciro gito cyane cyo gukoresha TPE.

Mu kugereranya imiterere y'ibanze y'ibikoresho bya TPE na TPU ndetse n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya ibikoresho, byombi bifite ibyiza n'ibibi byabyo. Ariko, uhereye ku isesengura ry'uruhererekane rw'inganda za TPU na TPE zo mu gihugu, inzira y'isoko ry'ibikoresho fatizo bya TPE irahamye kandi yoroshye, mu gihe ibikoresho fatizo byinshi bya TPU bishingira ku bitumizwa mu mahanga, kandi inzira yo gukora ibicuruzwa mu gihugu iri inyuma cyane, bityo biragoye kwemeza ko ibintu bihamye. Imiterere y'ibikoresho fatizo bya buri mukozi iratandukanye cyane. Bagenzi bacu ba elastomer bakeneye gusobanukirwa bihagije kugira ngo borohereze iterambere ry'ikoreshwa n'impinduka.

Binyuze mu gusesengura byimbitse imiterere y’imbere y’ibikoresho, gukurikirana impinduka mu mikorere mu buryo bufatika no kugaragaza buri gihe ko bihamye, uburyo insinga zihura kandi zigakomeza kubaho mu turere tw’inyanja dukonje biragaragara. Mu gihe gitaha, kunoza imiterere y’ibikoresho n’imiterere y’imiyoboro y’amazi yo mu mazi bizashyiraho urufatiro rukomeye rw’ubucukuzi n’ikoreshwa ry’umutungo wo mu mazi.       

Shanghai Lansheng Insinga zishobora guhaza ibyo ukeneye bitandukanye.