Amaqhawe Angadunyiswanga eFleet yanamhlanje: Indlela Iintambo eziGuquguqukayo eziPhambili eziSebenza ngayo ukuHamba ngamandla eLwandle

Kwihlabathi elinzima lemisebenzi yaselwandle, ukunyuka kweenkqubo ezintsonkothileyo ezihambayo—ukusuka kwiikhreyini ezizenzekelayo ukuya kwizithuthi ezisebenza kude (ii-ROV)—kubangele utshintsho olungabonakaliyo phantsi kweedekhi nakwiindawo zokugcina: ukuguquka kwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo. Intambo eguquguqukayo.

Kwindawo Enkulu Yokwakha Iinqanawa YaseYurophu –Njengoko ii-crane ezinde ezisuka enqanaweni ziye elunxwemeni zityibilika buthule ecaleni kwe-quay, iintshukumo zazo zifana ne-ballet echanekileyo, bambalwa abacinga ngomgca wobomi ovumela ukuhamba okuthe tye nokungaguquguqukiyo. Ngaphakathi kweenqwelo-mafutha ze-crane nganye, kukho amakhulu eemitha eentambo ezigobile, zijijeke, kwaye ziguquguquka nge-c nganye.Ycle, ukuhambisa amandla, idatha, kunye nemiqondiso yokulawula ngaphandle kokusilela. Le meko iphindaphindwa kulo lonke ishishini lanamhlanje laselwandle, apho ukuguquguquka kungaselona ikamva kodwa kuyimfuneko esisiseko yokhuseleko, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nobuchule.

Imeko yebhodi yeenqanawa mhlawumbi yenye yezona zinto zinzima kakhulu emhlabeni kwiinxalenye zombane. Izixhobo kufuneka zijongane nokungcangcazela okungapheliyo, ukuthuthumela okuvela kumaza kunye noomatshini, ukuguquguquka okukhulu kobushushu, ukufuma okugcwele ityuwa, imitha ye-UV, kunye nokuvezwa kwioyile, amafutha, kunye neekhemikhali. Kwizinto ezifakelweyo ezingashukumiyo, oku kunzima ngokwaneleyo. Kwiintambo ezikwizicelo ezihambayo—umqolo onamandla wezinto eziphathwayo—iimfuno ziphezulu kakhulu.

"Cinga ngentambo ekwi-radar pedestal ejikelezayo, isixhobo sokuphatha i-telescoping bulk, okanye inkqubo yokuhlawula i-heaving kwinqanawa yokubhola," ucacisa.UKapteni uAlistair Thorne, injineli yolwandle enamava kunye nomcebisi."Elo cingo alihlali nje apho; lihlala ligobile ngokuphindaphindiweyo, lijikajika, kwaye lixinezeleke kakhulu, rhoqo kwiimeko ezinzima. Intambo eqhelekileyo yemizi-mveliso ingadinwa, iqhekeke, kwaye ingaphumeleli kwiiveki ezimbalwa, ukuba kungengazo iintsuku. Intambo ayisiyontambo nje; yinxalenye ebalulekileyo, enokuguguleka."

I-Anatomy yeCable eguquguqukayo yeBanga leLwandle

Ngoko ke, yintoni eyahlula intambo eyakhelwe umsebenzi onzima kangaka wokuhamba? Iinkokheli zoshishino zifanaI-Helukabel, iLapp Group, kunye neNexansNdiyile imigca yemveliso ngokukodwa "yokuhamba kwebhodi yenqanawa," ndigxile kwiintsika ezininzi zoyilo oluphambili:

Uyilo loMqhubi:Intliziyo yokuguquguquka ikwi-conductor strands. Imicu yobhedu ecolekileyo kakhulu, ecocekileyo kakhulu, edla ngokuqokelelwa kwiipateni ezilungiselelwe kakuhle, ivumela intambo ukuba igobe ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngaphandle kokuqina nokusebenza ngokuqhekeka. Kwimilinganiselo ephezulu yamandla-ubunzima, ubhedu olufakwe kwi-tin luphantse lube yinto eqhelekileyo yokumelana nokugqwala.

I-Insulation kunye neKhemistri yeSheath:Kulapho idabi nxamnye nendalo liphunyelelwa khona. Izinto eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

Iikhompawundi zePVC ezikhethekileyo:Yenzelwe ukuguquguquka okuphantsi kobushushu, ukubambezeleka komlilo (ngokwemigangatho engqongqo ye-IEC 60332), kunye nokumelana neoyile kunye namanzi olwandle.

Irabha yePolyethylene eDibeneyo (XLPE) kunye ne-Ethylene Propylene (EPR):Inika uzinzo oluphezulu kubushushu, iipropati zombane ezibalaseleyo, kunye nokumelana okuhle kweekhemikhali.

I-Polyurethane (i-PUR):Intshatsheli kwizicelo zeselula ngenxa yokumelana kwayo okungaqhelekanga nokukrweleka, ukuguquguquka nokuba kumaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-zero, kunye nokumelana ne-hydrolysis (ukuwohloka ngenxa yamanzi).

Irabha yeChloroprene (CR):Yaziwa ngokhuseleko lwayo oluqinileyo lomzimba, ukumelana nemozulu, kunye nokumelana kakuhle neekhemikhali kunye neoyile.

Ukuqinisa oomatshini:Kwizicelo ezisebenzisa ukutsala okanye ukujija okuqhubekayo, intambo ye-aramid edibeneyo (njengeKevlar®) okanye ii-textile braids zibonelela ngamandla okutsalwa ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukuguquguquka. Oku kubalulekile kwiintambo ezikwii-winch okanye kwizithuthi ezingaphantsi kwamanzi ezibotshelelweyo.

Ukukhusela kunye noBulungisa beDatha:Ngexesha "lenqanawa edibeneyo," iintambo eziphathwayo zihlala ziphethe idatha yokulawula ebucayi kunye namandla. Izikhuselo ezilukiweyo ezinobunzima obuphezulu, eziguquguqukayo, ngamanye amaxesha zidityaniswe ne-aluminium foil, zikhusela kwi-electromagnetic interference (EMI) kwi-radar, irediyo, kunye neenjini zenqanawa ezinamandla, ziqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwesignali yolawulo lwedijithali oluchanekileyo.

Izicelo eziphambili eziqhuba imfuno

Imfuno yezi ntambo ziphambili iyanda, iqhutywa ziindlela ezithile zokuhamba elwandle:

Iinkqubo zokuphatha iiContainer:Eyona ndlela ibonakalayo. Iintambo kwiimizila yekhebula (i-e-chain®)kwiikreyini ze-STS, iikreyini ze-gantry ezifakwe kwisitimela, kunye neenkampani zokuthwala ii-straddle kufuneka zinyamezele izigidi zemijikelo yokugoba. Ngokwesiqhelo zidibanisa amandla eemoto kunye nee-hydraulics kunye ne-fiber optics okanye idatha yeCat 6/7 yokubeka indawo yokusasaza kunye neenkqubo zokuchonga izikhongozeli.

Umoya kunye neoyile kunye negesi engaphandle kolwandle:Eli candelo liyindawo ebalaseleyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba izinto ziyenzeka.Iintambo ezitshintshayozokufaka izinto ezixhasayo kwiinqanawa zokufakelwa kwe-wind turbine,iinkabakwii-ROV ezenza uhlolo nokulungiswa kwamanzi angaphantsi kolwandle, kunye neentambo ezivuliweyoiikhreni zaselwandleZijongene neemeko ezinzima. Zihlala ziyi-hybrid, zidibanisa amandla, i-fiber optics, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha imigca ye-hydraulic yezixhobo.

Oomatshini beDekhi:Yanamhlanje, iqhutywa ngombaneii-winches, ii-windglasses, kunye neenkqubo zokubophazifuna iintambo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nokujijeka nokungakhululeki rhoqo kwiidrama, kunye nokuchanabeka kwiindawo zokutshiza.

Umkhosi waselwandle kunye noKhuselo:Kwiinqanawa zemfazwe, iintambo zeeradar masts ezinokurhoxa, iinkqubo zokuphatha izixhobo, kunye nee-arrays zonxibelelwano kufuneka zihlangabezane nokuqina kwe-MIL-spec ngelixa ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okugqibeleleyo ngexesha leentshukumo zesantya esiphezulu kunye neziganeko zokothuka.

Ukwenziwa kwezinto ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphakathi:Kwanangaphakathi kweenqanawa, iinkqubo zemithwalo ezenzekelayo, izahlulo ezishukumayo kwiinqanawa, kunye neeyunithi zokulungisa iirobhothi zixhomekeke kwiintambo eziguquguqukayo ukuze zisebenze.

Imigangatho: Umgaqo-nkqubo Ongaxoxiswaniyo

Ngokungafaniyo namashishini amaninzi asemhlabeni, ihlabathi leelwandle lisebenza phantsi kolawulo olungqongqo lwemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe. Iintambo zokusetyenziswa kwinqanawa ezihambayo kufuneka ziqale zihlangabezane neemfuno ezisisiseko zazo zonke iintambo zaselwandle:

Ukhuseleko lomlilo:I-IEC 60332 (ukusasazeka kwelangabi), i-IEC 61034 (ubuninzi bomsi), kunye ne-IEC 60754 (ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-halogen). Iikhompawundi ezinomsi omncinci, i-zero-halogen (LSZH/LSF0H) ziyanda, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezivalekileyo okanye ezinabantu, ukuthintela umsi onetyhefu emlilweni.

Uhlobo Lokwamkelwa:Isiqinisekiso esivela kwimibutho yokwahlulahlula efanaI-DNV GL, iRejista kaLloyd, i-ABS, kunye ne-Bureau VeritasKubalulekile. Bavavanya ukuqina koomatshini, umbane, kunye nokusingqongileyo ngokukodwa ekusetyenzisweni elwandle.

NgokubabhetyebhetyeIintambo, uvavanyo olongezelelweyo luyafuneka, njengovavanyo lokugoba oluphindaphindwayo (njenge-IEC 60332-1) kunye novavanyo lokugoba, olulinganisa uxinzelelo olutshintshayo lwehlabathi lokwenyani.

I-Innovation Horizon

Eli shishini alimi ndawonye. Ukukhuthaza ukusebenza kakuhle, amandla edatha, kunye nokuzinza kuyayila isizukulwana esilandelayo seentambo.

Ubunzima obulula:Ukunciphisa ubunzima beentambo yeyona nto iphambili kwizixhobo ezihambayo eziphezulu, njengoko kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okunyakaza kwaye kuvumela izakhiwo ezincedisayo ezilula. Ii-alloys ezintsha ze-polymer kunye noyilo oluphuculweyo zibalulekile.

Amaxabiso eDatha aphezulu:Njengoko izinzwa ze-IoT ezikwi-intanethi kunye nokujonga ngexesha langempela kuqhuma, iintambo zezicelo zeselula kufuneka zithwale i-bandwidth ephezulu ngakumbi, nto leyo etyhalela ukuhlanganiswa kwemigca eqinileyo ye-fiber optic ngaphakathi kwamandla e-hybrid-Intambo yeDathas.

Ukuqina Okuphuculweyo:Uphando ngezinto ezintsha ze-nanocomposite lujolise ekudaleni izikhonkwane ezinokusikwa okukhulu, ukukrazulwa, kunye nokumelana neekhemikhali, ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi.

Uzinzo:Abavelisi baphuhlisa izixhobo ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, kuquka izikhonkwane ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kunye neziqinisi ezingenalo ilothe, ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni iiparameter zokusebenza ezibalulekileyo.

Inxalenye Ebalulekileyo Kwinkqubela Yolwandle

“Njengoko sisiya kwiinqanawa ezisebenza ngombane ezizenzekelayo, indima yentambo enamandla iba yeyona iphambili,” utshilo.UDkt. Lena Schmidt, iNtloko yoPhando noPhuhliso kumvelisi ophambili weentambo."Yinkqubo yemithambo-luvo kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye eshukumayo. Ukuthembeka apha kuthetha ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza ixesha elide, ukhuseleko, kwaye ekugqibeleni, inzuzo."

Kwishishini apho ukusilela kwentambo kube kanye kunokumisa ukusebenza kwezigidi zeerandi okanye kubeke emngciphekweni ukhuseleko elwandle, intambo ethambileyo eguquguqukayo ifumene isikhundla sayo njengeqhawe elingadunyiswanga. Utshintsho oluqhubekayo kwizixhobo kunye noyilo luqinisekisa ukuba njengoko iinqanawa kunye nezixhobo zazo ziphucuka kwaye zihamba, iintambo ezizisebenzisayo ziya kuba ngaphezulu kokulingana nomsebenzi—zigoba, kodwa zingaphuki, phantsi koxinzelelo lwehlabathi lanamhlanje lolwandle.

Nxibelelana ne-LSTKABEL ngoku ukuze uthumele umbuzo!